· Out of 92 HIV-infected of Tajikistan 78 live in Sughd viloyat. But statistics doesn’t reflect the real state of things over the country
· Underaged T. was engaged in prostitution having caught HIV-infection
· Man and woman caught HIV-infection while co-habitating
· Female bigamists dominate over male bigamists
· Out of 10000 Sughdians being victims of trafficking there are 1000 women
· Out of 10000 questioned young people about 70% are ready to leave the country by any possible ways
· Women of Tajikistan are becoming objects of purchase-sale
· 211 coffins with migrants were brought to Tajikistan for the first semester of 2003
· Resident of Khujand micro district 18 D. R. depraved 10 children

You only read into these figures, reader and colleague, Hukumat employees, representatives of state frameworks and party activists! Not once I had a chance in my journalistic practice to confront with sorrowful, sometimes tragic data testifying to rude violation of human rights. To say honestly, this time the information on violations in the realms of health service and demography flabbergasted me. When I decided to write an article on the situation concerned with human right observance in these fields I though initially it would not be difficult to have facts. In the country this aspect of our life is fairly transparent. Nobody tries to make big secrets out of the reports of doctors and law-enforcement bodies. But already in the cabinet of the director of Sughd viloyat center on prophylactics and combat with AIDS, Merited doctor of the Republic of Tajikistan Habibullo Oripov, bare figures with expert’s commentaries can’t depict a real picture of our life and that danger which menaces our society.
However much we may speak about AIDS as the plague of the XX-th century, it is difficult to comprehend the danger of this practically incurable disease, if, of course, we don’t allude to the facts which might present the situation in this or that region. The main thing we have understand is whether this disease called “gray ailment” has roots. Where are these roots? Is it misery or narcodependence, depravity or indifference? Though we understand perfectly well that each of these notions can equally form favorable grounds for HIV-infection diffusion, we mustn’t hasten with inferences until one gets elementary knowledge about the nature of this horrible disease.

On etiologic agent (pathogenic organism) of infection is an especial virus designated by the term of “HIV” (human immune-deficiency virus) in conformity with the resolution of the Committee on viruses denomination. This virus was described first by French scientists from the laboratory of Professor L. Montesque and a group of virusologists under the guidance of American Professor R. Gallo. By its structure and properties HIV is like other so called “slow viruses”. They affect heavily nervous system and other organs of man and animals. Animalistic immunodeficiency virus (affecting monkeys, cows, cats and others) is not dangerous for man. Animals, both domestic or wild, can’t infect man with AIDS.

Already in the first years of elicitation of the new infection it was authentically ascertained that HIV could be conveyed from an ill patient to a healthy one only by three ways:
- under sexual contact;
- with blood or its preparations;
- from mother to child.
From the very beginning of the first way of HIV conveyance - i.e. under sexual contact - was considered to be the most popular, it means that AIDS infection probability enhances if an individual is fond of disorderly sexual life. At present “bloody” way of HIV conveyance is regarded as the most frequent and mostly dangerous one. More often it is observed among drug addicts who inject narcotic stuffs into a vein by strange (non-sterile) syringes and needles. Therefore, since 1986 compulsory test of donor blood for AIDS is enforced all over the world. The third way is preconditioned by HIV ability to penetrate through a placenta barrier, circumfoctus waters and infect a non-born child, which may be infected at the time of birth as well. All other ways of AIDS agents conveyance (through domestic objects, air, food or water) are excluded.

Of course, he/she can! Just as any other adult individual under a sexual contact (with a source of infection) or drug injection (through a non-sterile syringe). At the same time blood taking in itself is of no danger at all in the aspect of potential HIV-infection. Though donor’s blood is taken immediately from the vein it is done by means of special systems of one time use, so a potentiality of infection is excluded completely. If one time use systems are non-available the utilized equipment is thoroughly sterilized providing prophylactics of hepatitis, AIDS and other infections. No single case of donors being infected when giving blood is registered in the world. Plasmaphere (taking not all blood from a donor but only its liquid part - that of plasma) is of no danger. Every donor should remember that he/she himself/herself can become a source of infection for blood recipients. Therefore, now blood donors are periodically examined all over the world, every sample of donor’s blood is tested for AIDS, hepatitis and syphilis. Besides the Committee of WHO experts asks convincingly the individuals pertaining to groups of risk to refuse from giving their blood to others.